# 52. Manipulation of Memory ## 52.5. Methodology/Refinements/Sub-species ### 52.5.15. Illusion-of-truth effect This is the bias that people are more likely to identify statements previously heard as true, (even if they cannot consciously remember having heard them), regardless of the actual validity of the statement. In other words, a person is more likely to believe a familiar statement than an unfamiliar one. This is another technique in constant use by the manipulator; the victim hears the same "common sense" arguments again and again. After a while, the familiar language and sentiment of the argument become powerful reasons to endorse the manipulator's views, regardless of the victim's objective view.