# 22. Reputation Control ## 22.5. Methodology/Refinements/Sub-species ### 22.5.1. Echo Chamber This is the repetition of a rumour, scandal, news story or issue by several ostensibly different sources in order to present a false impression of "reasonable" consensus, and to alter the reputation of a subject, either positively or negatively. Several media outlets can use the same language, images, and catchphrases in an attempt to reinforce the agreed-upon narrative. The key is to create a false impression of consensus among apparently credible sources from differing media outlets. It is a method of the "Old Media" and was used to gain "control of the narrative", thus achieving a monopoly of information. The method has now been extended to the internet, but it is also being threatened by the internet because of the loss of monopoly of information. There is no limit to the type of information which can be reiterated using this method.