# Neural Correlates of Consciousness The idea of searching for the neural correlates of consciousness was set in motion over thirty years ago by [Francis Crick](https://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/scientists/crick/) and [Christof Koch](https://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/scientists/koch/) in their _Scientific American_ article in 1992 "[The Problem of Consciousness](https://www.informationphilosopher.com/mind/ncc/Crick_Koch_Consciousness.pdf)." In 1998 [David Chalmers](https://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/philosophers/chalmers/) presented a paper at the second Tucson conference of consciousness entitled "[On the Search for the Neural Correlate of Consciousness](https://www.informationphilosopher.com/mind/ncc/Crick_Koch_Consciousness.pdf). At about this time, at a conference in Germany, Koch made a bet with Chalmers that the NCC would be discovered in the next 25 years. In June 2023 Koch admitted he had lost the bet ([New York Times](https://www.informationphilosopher.com/mind/ncc/Koch_Chalmers_Leading_Theories-of-Consciousness.pdf)).